Monday, February 23, 2015

Improving Order Management and Fulfillment Efficiency

Process Approach to Improving Order Management and Fulfillment Efficiency

Let’s see how many of these challenges sound familiar.

Our orders take too long to process
Our orders are input inaccurately
Our orders and inventory records don’t connect in real time
Our orders are filled inaccurately
Our orders take too many warehouse workers to fulfill
Our orders take too much time to input
Our orders come from our customers in too many different formats
Our orders must be formatted in a way that makes it difficult to put new products into our system


And so on …

And these are just the challenges many businesses face that directly flow from their order processes.  Accounting reconciliation, item (new product) creation, marketplace (Channel) management issues, warehouse expense and shipping problems are also too familiar to many businesses.

Often, we try to solve meet these challenges one at a time.

Let’s speed up our order process.
Let’s improve the accuracy with which we input orders
Let’s connect our inventory records directly to our order processes

And so on …

Typically, the results are disappointing, frustrating and ineffective.

It’s a mistake to try to fix your business using the same approach you would use to fix your car.  Your car has been expertly designed so that all of the systems work efficiently and effectively together.  When your water pump goes on the fritz, your transmission is still working perfectly – and it’s working in perfect conjunction with your engine.  Therefore, you can simply fix the water pump and be confident that the car will run smoothly.

Your business may not be so predictable.

Instead of having a team of experienced automotive designers incrementally refine proven  historical designs and technologies to create a new model, your business has probably evolved over the years to “get the job done,” even though the systems are not perfectly integrated or aligned and optimal efficiencies are never achieved.  We are so busy staying in business that we sometimes fail to take the steps necessary to allow us to be as efficient (and therefore profitable) as possible.  When we encounter a problem, we fix the problem.  The business continues along, but doesn’t make as much money as it could if we were able to step back and look at the interconnection between our various systems and procedures and conceive better, more efficient and effective processes.

So, we address the problems as though they were independent of other business activities to which they are connected.

If our orders take too long to process, we add more order entry staff.
If our orders are input inaccurately, we offer a bonus to the employee with the highest data input accuracy.
If our orders and inventory records don’t connect in real time, we update an inventory spreadsheet every morning so the order entry staff can check inventory availability.
If our orders are filled inaccurately we add a quality control checkpoint between picking and shipping.
If our orders take too many warehouse workers to fulfill we set higher picking targets to encourage faster picking.
If our orders take too much time to input we create dropdown menus for easier data input.
If our orders come from our customers in too many different formats we create financial incentives for our customers to use our preferred order receipt format.
If our orders must be formatted in a way that makes it difficult to put new products into our system we try to modify the item descriptions to make it easier to add new items.

With predictably unsatisfactory results.

Our additional order entry staff still struggle to be efficient and instead of improving our order entry system, we achieve daily increased order entry at the cost of reduced individual efficiency.
Our data entry accuracy is improved, but with increased employee cost and we find that the best employees compete for the accuracy bonus, but the worst employees don’t improve performance.
Our inventory confirmations didn’t seem to get much better, because the spreadsheet we use to make sure we have items in stock becomes out of date within a few hours every morning.
Our order fulfillment got more accurate, but now we have a bottleneck at the pre-shipping quality control station.
Our higher picking targets caused frustration and resentment.
The dropdown menus helped sometimes, but limited our order input flexibility.
Some of our customers opted to use a different format to send us orders, but others wouldn’t switch and our order entry staff is still struggling to respond to a wide variety of order transmission protocols.
We can input new products into our system faster, but we have lost flexibility in the ability to describe the products in ways uniquely appropriate to particular products, resulting in a less persuasive presentation to our customers.

Why didn’t our solutions solve our problems?

Because you can’t fix a leaky boat by bailing out the water.  The root causes of the problems must be addressed.

A comprehensive, system-oriented solution is required.  There is a complex matrix of connections between every aspect of order receipt, entry and fulfillment activities.  Only by embracing a solution that addresses the complexity of these interactions can you hope to permanently improve the deficiencies in your systems and put yourself on the road to sustainable increased sales and profit.

Avectous has over twenty years of sophisticated experience in analyzing complex business systems and architecting simple, elegant and comprehensive solutions.  Our solutions are adapted to the effective and efficient parts of your business model and improve the less effective aspects, resulting in an easy-to-use “soup to nuts” system that gives you optimal efficiency and control.  You will be able to reduce employee population and inventory levels while selling more and filling more orders faster and more accurately leading to a dramatically improved user experience for your customers.

Avectous.


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Monday, February 16, 2015

How User Friendly is your OMS and WMS?

In addition to the ease of training new employees for optimal efficacy with your OMS and WMS, there are many other aspects to evaluate to ensure that you can really get all the benefits that your OMS and WMS claim to offer.
The ability to effectively use an OMS or WMS is predicated on the assumption that your staff will be comfortable with the processes controlled by these critical systems.  There are several key concepts that invariably come up when examining how user friendly an OMS or WMS really is.  These include:
Speed of implementation
Level of customization available
Language options
Ease of training
Flexibility
Customization for individual users
Access and restrictions

Let’s look at these one by one.

Speed of implementation

You don’t want to endure a lengthy implementation.  It is costly, disruptive and confusing.  Certainly, you will want to run parallel systems for a brief period of time to confirm system accuracy.  But, if the new OMS and WMS are designed well, the conversion should be very fast.  Assuming your old screens contained enough data for your requirements and your staff is comfortable with the look and feel of your old system, a new system ought to be configurable to appear sufficiently similar to your old system so that employees are “up and running” on the new system right away.

Implementation ought to be fast and easy.  By sharing the data with your OMS and WMS provider in advance, they should be able to configure the new system prior to implementation.  The new system should be installed quickly and the up-to-date data imported instantly upon implementation.  The key is to have a really good OMS and WMS supplier with extensive implementation and integration experience.  A really good OMS and WMS will supply not more than 80% of the functionality you require.  The remaining 20% is customized by your OMS and WMS supplier.  Anybody who tells you their system will do 100% of your requirements is offering you a system to which you must adapt, rather than a system that adapts to you.

Be very cautious about OMS and WMS suppliers offering a turnkey implementation.  Software sales people are notorious for offering functionality that their software developers can’t deliver.  There is a lot of truth in the old joke – what is the difference between a software salesman and a used car salesman?  At least the used car salesman knows when he’s lying to you.

The pre-planning is the most critical phase.  Know what you want.  Know how you want it to look and feel.  Have the implementation planned before the start of the actual implementation.  The OMS or WMS supplier that plans to arrive and begin the implementation from an out of the box software package is doing you a disservice.  The best partner will come with a sophisticated knowledge of the functionality of their software and will explore how that software can most efficiently be adapted to your operating processes.  The planning and conceptualization will succeed in direct relation to the experience of your software / implementation partner.  Once the software has been customized to meet your particular needs, it will be ready to plan the implementation.  Out of the box solutions are implemented in reverse, with painful results.

Once the customization has been accomplished, the final implementation should be fast and simple.


Level of customization available

Similarly, you ought to be very attentive to the level of customization that can be accomplished.  This relates not only to y our operating processes, but also to the integrations with the other software platforms in use in your company.

You should be able to describe your operating processes (for a WMS, these would include receiving,  putaway, inventory replenishment, picking, shipping, etc.) in step-by-step detail and the WMS you select must be able to automate those processes, rather than requiring you to adapt  your processes to the activities contemplated in an out of the box WMS.

-Language options
-Ease of training
-Flexibility
-Customization for individual users
-Access and restrictions


Caution is prudent when considering an automated order management system

How often are we driven by the projected financial benefits of a new process, only to be disappointed when the anticipated savings fail be realized?

And how often, in retrospect, was that because our rank and file employees never got on board?

The solution may be found, in part, by early involvement of the sales and order entry staff in the decision and evaluation process.  If it is possible to have the people with the most hands-on connection with the order management software (OMS) create a list of frustrations and inefficiencies and potential solutions to those challenges, it is possible that the implementation of a new OMS will be received as a cooperative response to their concerns rather than as a top-down initiative driven by financial concerns rather than by sensitivity to the needs of the employees and customers.  Clearly, an effective OMS will conform to the existing processes of your company.  But, equally clearly, it will change much of the data entry function – hopefully to everyone’s benefit.  Benefit doesn’t necessarily equate to enthusiastic acceptance and adoption.  People resist change simply because they are unused to new processes and procedures.  Change is more readily accepted if the employees feel they have been the architects of that change.  Dictatorial mandates for adherence to new procedures breeds resistance and damages morale.   Don’t forget that the people most frequently using your OMS are also the people with the most frequent and interdependent relationships with your customers.  We have all spoken with a sales, or customer service representative, who’s attitude screamed “I don’t know why management doesn’t fix this and I know it’s making all of our customers crazy!” 

Recognizing this dynamic demonstrates another important consideration when evaluating a new OMS.  The integration with your CRM must support instant access to all the data that a customer service person might need.  On premise systems and cloud-based systems with insufficient horsepower to deliver data instantly will cause frustration for your personnel and your customers.  When assessing a new OMS it is imperative to have a thorough and professional evaluation of your data delivery infrastructure.  If you do not have employees with the knowledge and experience to evaluate this critical feature, it is imperative to work with a qualified OMS provider who can offer the necessary expertise.

Assuming you’ve got employee buy-in to the project and the requisite infrastructure to support it, another critical consideration is the training of employees.  Look for an OMS that is simple to use and configured to conform to your business processes.  An off-the-shelf system may appear to be less expensive, but the contortions required to adapt your business processes to the new system and the retraining required to get your employees up to speed can rapidly wipe out any perceived savings.  You should have a goal that a new employee can be trained to function independently in less than two hours.  If the training is projected to take longer than that, pick a different system.  Remember, this isn’t just a one-time challenge.  Every time you get a new person, he or she will have to be trained.  This is a challenge you will face for a long, long time.  Be clear with your OMS provider that you want a system that is so simple and intuitive that new employee training can be accomplished quickly and easily.  Drop down menus, and other controls can help, but you must be careful not to allow those restrictive elements of your OMS to limit the data management.  Again, the OMS you choose should conform to your business practices, not the other way around.  An OMS that is advertised as a “plug and play” is a bad idea for a business of any significant complexity – now and in the future.  Remember, you aren’t acquiring an OMS for your current business level.  You are acquiring a tool that will assist you to grow and become more profitable.  Roughly speaking, an OMS should have about 80% of the functionality you require and your qualified OMS provider should be able to customize the remaining 20% of the functionality you need to optimize your current and future business processes.  This customization – what we at Avectous call “the critical 20%” – should contemplate the ongoing training necessary to make the customized functionality easily accessible to current and future employees.  Talk with your OMS provider and ask them for their plan to accomplish this.

It is very important that your OMS provider isn’t just a provider of technology.  They should have business process experts on their team.  These individuals should be able to look at your business processes and translate them for the technical product developers.  It is obvious, but frequently overlooked, that the best programmers in the world are seldom well versed in business processes.  Does your OMS team have that depth?

How customizable are the reporting functions of your OMS?  How integratable is the OMS with your CRM, accounting, inventory and other systems?  How complete and simple is the data transferability between these modules?  Your OMS should be written in the most modern language available to ensure that it will communicate simply and effectively with your other software.  Be certain to ask precisely what language was used to create the OMS you are considering.  If you do not have the in-house expertise to evaluate the response, retain the services of an outside professional to help you gain certainty that you are working with a modern, flexible OMS.

Can your OMS grow with your business?  What is the expense associated with increased users or increased activity volume?  Confirm with your OMS provider what the future cost associated with your software license will be as your company grows.



The bottom line is – you can get a cheap, inflexible OMS, but it will cost you in the long run.  It will cost you in the opportunity to grow and in employee and customer frustration.  Recognize that your orders are the lifeblood of your business and your choice of an OMS is one of the most important decisions you will make.  Find an expert in customization and complex implementation.  Find the OMS provider that can offer you the critical 20% that gives you a simple, intuitive, yet powerful system that allows for fast, easy training of employees.  Work with your OMS provider early in the process to design the system in cooperation with your existing personnel to ensure their enthusiastic adoption of the new system.

Take Control


Avectous Integrated Software

Monday, February 9, 2015

How can I handle returns, exchanges and back-orders?

There are an enormous number of issues to anticipate when considering an OMS or WMS.  One that you ought to spend some time on is how will you handle returns, exchanges and backorders?

First, if you look at the most successful retailers (Nordstrom, Zappos, etc.) they have very generous return policies. The most important customer is the one you already have. You could spend a lot of money trying to recruit new customers, or spend a little money providing extraordinary service to the customers you already have. Every business is different and it’s possible that returns could cost you more than somebody else, but generally, across many retail environments, returns represent are a small cost in most operations.  You have to be able to predict of instituting a generous return policy, but in most cases, the positive customer experience you offer will more than outweigh the expense associated with allowing “no questions asked” returns.
If you allow returns without questions, your customers will probably be happier.  But, it’s critical to maintain real-time records of returns and manage credits, return-to-vendor activities and return-to-stock activities, if items can be repackaged and made available for resale.
Credit processing ought to be independent of inventory management processes.  Automate the credit process, if possible.  Remember, you have already accepted the cost as a customer service enhancement strategy.  Certainly, a small percentage of your customers will take unfair advantage, but that is a part of the cost you have already accepted.  Process credits automatically and immediately.  Your OMS should create frequent reports to alert you to increases in return activity.  These reports should relate back to your vendor and the particular items being returned.  Even the most generous return policy needs to be monitored so that you can quickly identify real problems and address vendor management issues or concerns about particular products.
Similarly, with exchanges, it’s important to keep a close eye what is being returned and establish metrics to help you understand why.  For example, is a particular apparel product being returned for exchange at a disproportionate rate because of sizing issues?  Identifying a popular item and providing helpful sizing advice for customers can help you sell more, with a lower cost associated with returns and exchanges.  A well designed OMS will allow you to customize reports that help you focus on the exceptions and make fast and well-informed decisions.
Your WMS should have the capacity to accept returns without unnecessary administrative oversight, but with the ability to input data about why particular items are returned, and as mentioned above, to accumulate that data into customized reports that show trends and exceptions as they relate to particular vendors and / or products.
Your WMS must also allow refurbished and repackaged items to be returned to inventory.  It is important to consider how the cost information associated with these items will impact your average costing. It probably won’t have a significant dollar impact, but it might have an adverse system impact.  It is important to understand how  your system maintains average cost and ensure that items returned to inventory will not disproportionately effect those records.
Your WMS must also be able to disassemble kits.  If, for example, an order is returned for refund or exchange and there were 5 items that had been assembled into a kit (e.g., a telescope, an eyepiece, a tripod, a filter and a case) and only one of the items was defective (the case was damaged) the other 4 items must be disassociated from the returned order and returned to inventory, while the defective case must be addressed and a decision made concerning its disposition.  The order might be repackaged with a new case and assembled into a new kit for redelivery.  The order might be cancelled.  Your OMS and WMS must communicate effectively to maintain data integrity.  Often, an integrated WMS and OMS is the best solution.  Does your OMS provider also offer a sophisticated WMS?  There are many software options that do, and Avectous Integrated Software is a solid candidate for your consideration.
During the processing of these activities, does your WMS have a way to identify where the inventory items are?  Is there a “returned inventory hold” location?  Are value added process accounted for?  Again, your WMS ought to be sufficiently customizable that it can reflect the processes in use in your business.
If your WMS assigns “receiving functions” to locations and personnel, it is a good idea to assign priorities to processing returns and exchanges.  It is all too easy to handle the hottest emergency first and when the truck backs into the receiving dock, that is always the hottest emergency.  A WMS with a “personnel load” function is attractive, because it not only tracks receiving activities, but allocates them in accordance with personnel and location availability.
Your WMS will manage all warehouse activities in accordance with a warehouse map in two or three dimensions.  When mapping your warehouse, make realistic forecast as to the amount of space you will need for processing and storing returns and exchanges.  The location of the area to be set aside should correlate with the putaway location for the returned merchandise.
Another consideration when choosing an OMS and WMS is how you will handle backorders.  The integration of your return / exchange process and your backorder processes is worthy of some consideration.  First, if you get a return that can be repackaged and put back into inventory, is there a way to associate that information with your backorder log?  If the item can be sent directly from the return processing department to the shipping department, several time consuming steps can be avoided.  Second, if an item is subject to a disproportionate number of exchanges (where a replacement item is sent to the customer) it may result in inventory shortages of that item.  Again, a WMS and an OMS that allows the synthesis of this information and the creation of custom reports can help you to respond quickly to “out of the norm” rejections, to allow you to manage suppliers quickly and with accurate information to help them solve problems and help you to avoid them.


Avectous Integrated Software can meet all of these challenges.  Please call us to discuss the challenges you face and how we can help you address them.


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Monday, February 2, 2015

Pre-manifesting and why it matters

Pre-manifesting – a definition
Manifesting can be defined as printing documents that are specific to a particular order, such as packing lists, shipping labels, or invoices.  Normally, these documents are created after a “picking order” is created.  So, after your warehouse personnel has taken the product out of inventory and delivered it to the shipping department, the documents needed for shipping and invoicing are created.
Pre-manifesting can be defined at creating these documents prior to creating the pick order.



Why would we want to do that?  Marketplaces, such as Amazon and eBay monitor seller performance according to a variety of metrics, but one is how quickly a seller can ship an order. By pre-manifesting, you are able to submit shipping information to the marketplace that makes it appear that the item has already shipped. For example, a UPS tracking number can be assigned to the shipment, even though the item has not yet been picked.  Additionally, it may be possible to charge the customer’s credit card earlier in the process.  Should the credit card be declined, you know before you have actually shipped the product.
Of course, you can be too aggressive in this regard and it is inadvisable to pre-manifest if you have a time-consuming activity (such as customization or repackaging) to attend to prior to shipment.  But, for standard products that have a predictable order-to-shipment timeframe, it can be a great way to improve rankings on the marketplace and get your invoice paid faster.
There are many practical considerations about pre-manifesting.  You have to have excellent systems in place to monitor inventory levels and shipment efficiency.  It would be terrible to pre-manifest and find out the item you told Amazon had already shipped was, in fact, out of stock.  Document and information flow must be functioning at a high level.  You must have a very effective and dependable OMS (Order Management System) in place before even considering pre-manifesting.
Assuming you have a solid OMS and your processes are predictable and well regulated, there are plenty of other reasons why pre-manifesting can be a good idea.
Your operations can be more efficient.  Individual manifesting documents can be assigned to individually picked items at the shipping station, rather than having documents on the warehouse floor with the pickers.
You can avoid double handling of picked items and documents.
With a good WMS (Warehouse Management System) you can have a paperless warehouse, with your shipping label created only as the product is finally packaged and ready to go out the shipping door.  All warehouse / picking processes happen before paper is created, although the records that will create that paperwork (e.g., the USP tracking number) will be virtually in existence and ready for printing at the shipping station.
These efficiencies will increase profit because you have fewer pieces of paper floating around the warehouse, which can often get lost or intentionally avoided and you can take full advantage of batch picking techniques.  Batch picking is where you can send a single warehouse picker to get all of the green widgets to fill a large number of individual orders.  The green widgets are associated with particular sales orders only when they hit the shipping department.  The profit impact of increased accuracy and more efficient picking makes a tremendous contribution to warehouse efficiency, and therefore, profit.




Of course there are things you ought to plan for when moving to a pre-manifesting system.  An automated (RF technology) method of scanning the picked items to associate them with the paperwork for a particular order is critical.  You must have an excellent WMS (Warehouse Management System) to accomplish this.
You will have to purchase RF guns and other hardware to support the system, but these costs are minimal when compared to the efficiency benefit.
Order accuracy must be monitored and systematized.  Again, an excellent WMS is necessary to ensure that picked items are associated with the correct paperwork at the shipping station.
On occasion, even the best system has a problem.  In those exceptional instances (e.g., a stock-out created by erroneous inventory records) the paperwork will have to be recreated.
Additionally, orders bound for export  must be identified and segregated at the shipping department, but this is accomplishable because all of the information required to pre-manifest a shipment is contained in the order entry information.
If repackaging or kitting is required, these challenges must be evaluated and assessed prior to embarking on a pre-manifesting procedure for all orders, but even those procedures can be anticipated in most cases.  Where pre-manifesting might not work is where the shape or size of an item isn’t known prior to picking.  Agricultural items might have limited pre-manifesting possibilities.
Some systems use pre-manifesting for certain items and post-manifesting (creating the packing, shipping and invoicing information after the item has been picked) together in one system.  Once again, a quality WMS will provide automated instructions to picking staff, so they know which is which.  Picking instructions as to items, route of travel through the warehouse, equipment to be used in fulfilling a batch picking order, etc., will provided wirelessly, via RF handheld equipment.
For all your OMS, WMS and software development, customization, integration and implementation needs, please give us a call.
Avectous Integrated Software.


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Thanks for reading, don't forget to follow us on Twitter, Facebook, and LinkedIn for more company updates and look out for our next weeks blog!


TEL. (714) 656-2898 | info@avectous.com